the Kingdom of Kutai (kalimantan)
East Kalimantan has the form of political unity is originated from the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura or Martapura Kutai. The kingdom was founded in the 4th century (about 300 BC) in Muara Kaman . At that time, Kutai Martadipura have established relationships with India , so it is not surprising if the Kutai Martadipura was the center of Hindu religion, but also a trade center. The founder of the kingdom of Kutai is Kudungga which is a magnifying of the Kingdom of Champa ( Cambodia ), whereas the first king who ruled the kingdom of Kutai official is Aswawarman because as the founder of the dynasty of the kingdom of Kutai and given the title "Wangsakarta", which means forming a family.
East Kalimantan has the form of political unity is originated from the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura or Martapura Kutai. The kingdom was founded in the 4th century (about 300 BC) in Muara Kaman . At that time, Kutai Martadipura have established relationships with India , so it is not surprising if the Kutai Martadipura was the center of Hindu religion, but also a trade center. The founder of the kingdom of Kutai is Kudungga which is a magnifying of the Kingdom of Champa ( Cambodia ), whereas the first king who ruled the kingdom of Kutai official is Aswawarman because as the founder of the dynasty of the kingdom of Kutai and given the title "Wangsakarta", which means forming a family.
Aswawarman have 3 sons, one named Mulawarman . When Maharaja Mulawarman ruling, Martadipura Kutai kingdom and the glory days have developed into a great empire [3]. Greatness of the kingdom of Kutai proven by the activities carried out as follows:
- Every year the king held a ceremony conducted in alms Waprakeswara . Waprakeswara is a piece of land that is considered sacred.
- King mebagi out gifts with fairly as possible to the brahmins of gold, land, and livestock.
In contrast, people expressed gratitude to the king by the way:
- Held a banquet for the king's safety
- Set up a pillar inscription [4]that contains the writings of the greatness of the king.
Maharaja Mulawarman kerajaanya expand by conquering surrounding kingdoms. The kings who conquered should give tribute to the king Mulawarman[3].
Kingdom ended when King Kutai Kutai called Faithful Dharma Maharaja died in battle at the hands of King Kukar to-13, Aji chances, Prince Sinum Bannerman . Keep in mind that this Kutai (Kutai Martadipura) different from Kutai kingdom whose capital was first located in the Kutai Lama ( Cape Kute ). Kukar is, in the year 1365, which is mentioned in the literature Negarakertagama Java. Kukar hereinafter be called the Islamic empire Kutai Sultanate.
The collapse of the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura provide an opportunity for rural areas that were previously under the control of Kutai Martadipura can break away, forming their own kingdoms but some are merged with the Kingdom Kukar.
Sultanate Kukar
Kukar kingdom that later became the Kutai Sultanate Martadipura ing stood at the beginning of the 13th century in the area called the Stone Edge or Kutai Lama (now a village in the subdistrictAnggana ) with the first king of the Supreme Deity Aji Batara Sakti (1300 - 1325). The kingdom was called by the name of the Kingdom of the Cape Kute in Kakawin Nagarakretagama , which is one of the areas conquered in the island of Borneo by the duke of Gajah Mada from the Majapahit.
stood at the beginning of the 13th century in the area called the Stone Edge or Kutai Lama (now a village in the subdistrict Anggana ) with the first king of the Supreme Deity Aji Batara Sakti ( 1300-1325). The kingdom was called by the name of the Kingdom of the Cape Kute in Kakawin Nagarakretagama , which is one of the areas conquered in the island Tanjungnagara by the duke of Gajah Mada from the Majapahit.
In the 16th century , the kingdom under the leadership of king Kukar Prince Aji Sinum Bannerman chances, managed to conquer the kingdom of Kutai [5]is located at Muara Kaman . Kukar King was later named the kingdom into the kingdom of Kutai Ing Martadipura as a fusion between the two kingdoms.
In the 17th century , the religion of Islam spread by Mr-riding parangan well received by the Kingdom of aquatic mammal which was led by Aji King of Crown Majesty of Nature . After several decades, as the King was replaced with the title of Sultan . Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris (1735-1778) was the sultan's first aquatic mammal that uses the Islamic name. And then the royal title was changed toKutai Sultanate ing Martadipura.
Empire had experienced displacement royal capital of up to three times, starting from the Kutai Lama , Pemarangan up to the Edge Pandan.
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